Which statement about journal formats is true?

• A. Physical journals must be permanent-bound with numbered pages; Electronic journals must be permanent, tamper-evident format and SOS-reg compliant
• B. Physical journals must be loose-leaf; Electronic: any digital file
• C. Journals are optional
• D. You may use any format

Answer: (A)

Notaries must maintain a reliable, auditable journal of every act. For physical journals this means a permanent-bound notebook with numbered pages so the record remains intact and in order, and additions or removals are evident. For electronic journals the format must be permanent and tamper-evident, and comply with SOS regulations to ensure authenticity, integrity, and verifiability. Loose-leaf physical journals could be altered or reorganized, and allowing any digital file would fail to guarantee tamper resistance or regulatory compliance. Journals are not optional; using an acceptable, compliant format is required.